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A sovereign wealth fund ("SWF") is a national, country-level, investment fund. These state-owned sovereign funds typically invest the surplus earnings of state-owned enterprises, government budget surpluses, and foreign currency reserves, although some recent SWF's have been formed with funds raised through the issuance of long-term debt instruments.

Some of the major sovereign wealth funds include those listed and briefly described below:

Abu Dhabi Investment Authority - One of the world's largest investors, the sovereign wealth funds was established in 1976.

Brunei Investment Agency - The BIA owns and manages the General Reserve Fund of the Government of Brunei.

China Investment Corporation - The CIC manages foreign exchange reserves of the People's Republic of China. Established in 2007. At the time of its formation, China's Central Huijin Investment Corporation was merged into the China Investment Corporation as a wholly-owned subsidiary company.

Dubai World - DW is the sovereign wealth fund and holding company for a number of investment arms of the Dubai Governement including Istithmar.

Government Investment Corporation - is one of two investment arms of the Government of Singapore. The GIC invests the country's foreign reserves.

Kuwait Investment Authority - manages several funds of the Kuwaiti government, including the Kuwait General Reserve Fund and the Kuwait Future Generations Fund.

Qatar Investment Authority - the QIA manages surpluse natural gas and oil revenues of the Qatar Government and controls the Qatari Diar Real Estate Investment Company. The Qatar Investment Authority was established in 2005.

Temasek Holdings - is an investment holding company owned by the Government of Singapore, with an investment focus primarily on Asia.

The Government Pension Fund - Global - In Norwegian, the Statens pensjonsfond - Utla, the fund holds surplus petroleum operation earnings, is one of two sovereign wealth funds owned by the Government of Norway.